Write a journal entry of one to two double-spaced pages in which you reflect on the cases of Elaine and Mrs. Jabolov in Chapter 4. Have you had similar experiences with patients or even a family member in the past? Would you handle it differently today than you did at the time? If you haven’t experienced something similar, think of a scenario in which you might be faced with a similar experience and describe how you would handle it. Be sure to identify select models of ethical decision making that support your resolution to the experience. Also, assess the usefulness of principlism as a framework for the experience. 

In this Assignment, you will identify clinical areas of interest and inquiry and practice searching for research in support of maintaining or changing these practices. You will also analyze this research to compare research methodologies employed.

To Prepare:

• Review the Resources and identify a clinical issue of interest that can form the basis of a clinical inquiry. Keep in mind that the clinical issue you identify for your research will stay the same for the entire course. 
• Based on the clinical issue of interest and using keywords related to the clinical issue of interest, search at least four different databases in the Walden Library to identify at least four relevant peer-reviewed articles related to your clinical issue of interest. You should not be using systematic reviews for this assignment, select original research articles.
• Review the results of your peer-reviewed research and reflect on the process of using an unfiltered database to search for peer-reviewed research.
• Reflect on the types of research methodologies contained in the four relevant peer-reviewed articles you selected.

Part 1: Identifying Research Methodologies

After reading each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, use the Matrix Worksheet template to analyze the methodologies applied in each of the four peer-reviewed articles. Your analysis should include the following:

• The full citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format.
• A brief (1-paragraph) statement explaining why you chose this peer-reviewed article and/or how it relates to your clinical issue of interest, including a brief explanation of the ethics of research related to your clinical issue of interest.
• A brief (1-2 paragraph) description of the aims of the research of each peer-reviewed article.
• A brief (1-2 paragraph) description of the research methodology used. Be sure to identify if the methodology used was qualitative, quantitative, or a mixed-methods approach. Be specific.
• A brief (1- to 2-paragraph) description of the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the peer-reviewed articles you selected

Appendix C – Mrs. Thomas

• Give the questions some thought and answer honestly
• Give examples if you have them
• Cite resources
• Number your answers to correspond with the question
• Worth 12 points / 5%
• Scenario:
  Mrs. Thomas is a 54, year old African American widow, mother and grandmother, who lives with her daughter and four grandchildren (ages 12, 10, 7 and 5) in a 4 story walk up apartment. She is an active member of her church community and friends, comments that she had so much energy that she exhausted all of them just being around her. At age 51, she was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Busy with raising her grandchildren, a little more than 3 years went by before she sought attention for her symptoms and was diagnosed. Despite aggressive treatments with chemotherapy and radiation, her diseased progressed and she was considering undergoing a bone marrow transplant. Climbing the stairs to the apartment one afternoon she became very short of breath and collapsed. Her twelve, year old granddaughter called 911. At the hospital she was minimally responsive and in severe respiratory distress. She was intubated and transferred to the ICU. A family meeting with the oncology and ICU team was called to discuss Mrs. Thomas’s advanced condition, the fact that she would probably not survive further treatment of the lymphoma and to decide on goals of care. Fifteen family members arrived, including her daughter, pre-teen granddaughters and grandson, three nieces, four nephews, several friends from her church and the minister. On being asked that only the immediate family participate in the meeting, the family and friends became angry and insisted that all of them be involved in this discussion.
  Discussion questions:

1. What is your impression regarding this scenario? What are some concerns you have with this case and what do you anticipate would happen? Support your answer.
2. Have you thought about what kind of care you would want if you could no longer speak for yourself at the End of Life? Give examples.
3. How would you handle all the family members and friends wanting to be included in the discussion?

•  Assignment 2 (Appendix D – Pain)Assignment Due November 24 at 6:00 PMAppendix D – Pain

• Give the questions some thought and answer honestly.
• Give examples if you have them
• Cite resources
• Number your answers to correspond with the question
• Worth 12 points / 5%
• Questions:

1. Describe your response to the pain you have experienced. Explain and describe the pain you were experiencing. What were the effective methods used to deal with the pain? Describe pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies used to relieve pain.
2. Did those around you understand the pain you were experiencing? Why or why not? How did their understanding or lack of understanding make you feel?
3. How could this experience with pain impact your response to a patient with pain?

Dissemination of EBP and research, such as presenting results at a conference or writing an article for a journal, is an important part of professional practice. Identify one professional journal and one nursing or health care conference where you might present your project. Discuss why each of your choices is the best option for you to disseminate your new knowledge.

write an answer based on this assignment. use at least 2 references but not the same that appears here. 

1. Describe a situation in which the nurse manager would use problem resolution in the workplace. Describe a situation in which the nurse manager would use negotiation to resolve a conflict (or potential conflict) in the workplace.    

Problem-solving skill is essential for any work environment. And the healthcare field is no exception. Especially for nurses who often deals with many people like, patients, doctors, other team members, patient’s families etc. While dealing with so many people and different variables, problems and disagreements arise. So, having a nurse manager that have leadership and conflict resolution skills is essential to help diffuse any adverse situation, and as a result, promoting a peaceful and friendly environment. Conflict often occurs in the hospital setting, especially between new nurses and more experienced staff. At one point, a family member expressed concern that a CNA was not attending the patient’s call lights in an acceptable time manner. I discussed and validated their concerns. In a private setting, I called the CNA aside and spoke with him about it. The CNA was very upset and felt it was not my place to tell him about it. The concerns of the family or the patient should never be dismissed. I spoke with the unit nurse manager to use the opportunity as a teaching moment. Healthcare providers are human, so it is normal for tensions to escalate at times. When that happens, it is the nurse manager duty to negotiate an acceptable solution, especially when the conflict is affecting patient care. Problem-solving is at the center of nursing practices and it is very important for nurses to improve their problem-solving skills to increase the patient care quality (Erol, Tanrikulu, Dikmen, & Akduran, 2016).

2. Compare and contrast strategies for resolving a conflict, using first the informal negotiation method and then the formal negotiation method. 

The process of resolving a conflict is a complex one that requires much careful thought beforehand and considerable skill in its implementation. The nurse manager must react knowing which are the sources of conflict, the mechanisms for their production and resolution. And more importantly, knowing how to solve them, whether in an active, regulatory or passive way.

It is essential to know that not all conflicts should be allowed to evolve without intervention. Poorly managed conflict and unresolved conflict have an influence on individuals, organizations, and, most importantly, patient outcomes (Johansen & Mary, 2012).

Handling conflict informally, as the name already says is basically trying to solve the problem in a more amicable and informal way. This approach entails, promoting communication, being a caring and effective listener, identify points of agreement and disagreement, development a plan for working each disagreement, and implementation of the plan.

Handling conflict in formal terms usually comes to place when all attempts to solve the conflict informally have failed. In this case employees can fille a formal complaint or claim that can be managed, either in court or through an extrajudicial resolution of conflicts, like mediation, conciliations etc.

3. Explore the American Nurses Association website for information on collective bargaining for nurses. Which states have nursing unions? Debate the issue of joining a union with another group of students. 

Collective bargaining involves a formal procedure governed by labor laws, such as the National Labor Relations Act in the United States. State that has union are California, New York, Florida, Texas, Minnesota, Hawaii, and Massachusetts.

4. PART 1: Log onto the website of your state nurses association and search for information on collective bargaining. Search for news articles, union websites, and other recent information on collective bargaining for nurses in your state. Is there a great deal of collective bargaining activity in your state? If not, why? If yes, what are the primary issues under discussion?

Florida is a right to work state; therefore, the right of an individual to work cannot be denied based on membership or non-membership in any labor union or organization. To ensure the orderly and uninterrupted operations and functions of government, Florida’s state employees do not have the right to strike.  Currently, there are seven labor organizations representing State Personnel System employees whose classes are assigned to one of 13 collective bargaining units.

PART 2: Review the pros and cons of becoming part of a collective bargaining unit. If you were a full-time staff nurse, would you want to join a union? Why or why not? 

Some nurses believe it is unprofessional to belong to a union. Others point out that physicians and teachers are union members and that the protections offered by a union outweigh the downside. The greatest disadvantage of using collective bargaining as a way to deal with conflict is that it clearly separates management-level people from staff-level people, often creating an adversarial relationship. Any nurses who make staffing decisions may be classified as supervisors and, therefore, may be ineligible to join the union, separating them from the rest of their colleagues

References

Erol, F., Tanrikulu, F., Dikmen, Y., & Akduran, F. (2016). Examination of problem-solving skills of nursing students in terms of some variables. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 5460-5470. 

Johansen M., (2012). Keeping the peace: Conflict management strategies for nurse managers. From: https://journals.lww.com/nursingmanagement/fulltext/2012/02000/keeping_the_peace__conflict_management_strategies.13.aspx#O2-13-2

Whitehead, D. K., Weiss, S. A., & Tappen, R. M. (2009). Essentials of nursing leadership and management. F A Davis Company.

WORK MUST BE ORIGINAL!   

Paper will be checked for plagiarism. 

WORK MUST MEET ALL OF ASSIGNMENT DESCRIPTION.

ALL ASPECTS OF THIS ASSIGNMENT MUST BE COVERED. 

MUST BE A CLEAR DISTINCTION OF EACH POINT MADE  

INSTRUCTIONS TO BE FOLLOWED IS ATTACHED.

1) Minimum 8 full pages and Template  (Follow the 3 x 3 rule: minimum three paragraphs per part)

              Part 1: Complete the file 1

              Part 2: minimum 1 page

              Part 3: minimum 4 pages

              Part 4: minimum 3 pages

Submit 1 document per part

2)¨******APA norms, please use headers

          All paragraphs must be narrative and cited in the text- each paragraphs

          Bulleted responses are not accepted

          Dont write in the first person 

          Dont copy and pase the questions.

          Answer the question objectively, do not make introductions to your answers, answer it when you start the paragraph

         Submit 1 document per part

3) It will be verified by Turnitin and SafeAssign

4) Minimum 3 references per part not older than 5 years

5) Identify your answer with the numbers, according to the question.

Example:

Q 1. Nursing is XXXXX

Q 2. Health is XXXX

6) You must name the files according to the part you are answering: 

Example:

Part 1.doc 

Part 2.doc 

__________________________________________________________________________________

Part 1:

See example (File 2)

Issue: Infection Control and Prevention 

Topics: Cleaning and disinfection; Standards precaution and Cross-contamination

1. Search for articles related to the problem and topics mentioned above, from the articles found, select only 2 to complete the 8 articles that this question requires  (within the last 5 years).

The articles may include quantitative research, descriptive analyses, longitudinal studies, or meta-analysis articles. A systematic review may be used to provide background information for the purpose or problem identified in the proposed capstone project.

2. Provide a synopsis of the review of the research literature. Using the “Literature Evaluation Table.

a. Determine the level and strength of the evidence for each of the eight research articles you have selected. 

Articles:

Cohen, C. C., Choi, Y. J. & Stone, P. W. (2016). Costs of infection prevention practices in long-term care settings: A systematic review. Nursing Economics, 34(1), 16-24,45. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/1765381619?accountid=10378

Gammon, J., Hunt, J., Williams, S., Daniel, S., Rees, S., & Matthewson, S. (2019). Infection prevention control and organizational patient safety culture within the context of isolation: Study protocol. BMC Health Services Research, 19 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4126-x

Gertrude, S. A., & Nabyonga-Orem, J. (2019). The Global call for action on infection prevention and control. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 32(6), 927-940. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJHCQA-03-2018-0063

Peng, M.-T. (2020). [Nurses: A Voice to Lead, Nursing the World to Health-Viewing COVID-19 Epidemic Prevention Efforts in Light of Nightingale’s Perspective on Infection Control]. Hu Li Za Zhi The Journal of Nursing, 67(3), 102–110. https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.202006_67(3).14

Qi, Z.-Y., Zhao, P.-Y., Geng, S.-H., Yi, H.-M., & Yang, L.-P. (2020). COVID-19 Epidemic: Possibility of Artificial Intelligence in Infection Control and Prevention. Journal of Epidemiology, 30(8), 371. https://doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20200203

Trusov, A., Ismoilova, J., Tonkel, T., & Aleksandrin, A. (2016). Infection prevention and control in TB programs. Health Affairs, 35(3), 556. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0050

Part 2:

Issue: Infection Control and Prevention 

Topics: Cleaning and disinfection; Standards precaution and Cross-contamination

1. Write a list of five outcomes for your proposed intervention. 

 a. Below each outcome, provide a one or two sentence rationale.

Part 3:

Your patient is a 23-year-old female. She presents with coughing and wheezing which she stated started about three weeks ago. She is currently 25 weeks pregnant. Her last prenatal visit was one month ago in another state. She has an appointment with the prenatal care provider next week, however her respiratory symptoms brought her to your office today.

History – Chickenpox as a child. Asthma as a child, diagnosed at age 8 for which she used a SABA when needed. She has not had the need to use an inhaler since she was 19. She takes only her prenatal vitamin. No other acute or chronic problems. She advises you that she is up to date on all immunizations except she has not had a flu shot (it is October).

Social – Non-smoker, no drug use. She relocated to your state two weeks ago to get away from an abusive domestic situation. She has no support network in this area and has not yet found employment. She has no medical insurance.

HPA – Non-productive cough x 3 weeks. Wheezing audible from across the room. She states it is like this all day and wakes her from sleep every night. She reports that she is fatigued even in the morning. No other complaints.

PE/ROS – Pt appears disheveled but clean. Wheezing in all lung fields. T 98, P 82 regular, R 28 no stridor. FH 130 regular. The remainder of the exam is WNL.

Directions:

1. Construct a narrative document 

2. Diagnose the patient based on the above findings and provide your rationale for how you arrived at the diagnosis.

3. Develop a treatment plan specifically for this patient, pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic.

4. Describe community resources (using your own community) currently available in your state/city to support this patient.

5. Provide a communication plan that you will use to ensure the patient is an active participant in the treatment plan. Refer to therapeutic communication concepts.

6. Utilize national standards, your pharm and/or patho book, and medical or advanced practice professional sources. Do not use patient-facing sources or general nursing texts.

Part 4:

Research topic: Nursing professional care in the prevention of infections associated with health care in intensive care units.

Problem question: What is the nursing professional’s care in preventing infections associated with health care in an adult Intensive Care Unit, according to the scientific literature review? 

1. Include a minimum of six scholarly sources- Organize in logical sections

2. Include an overview of the literature. Be unbiased in your presentation of information. Include sources and content relevant to your research questions and hypothesis

3. state the relevance in your literature review. Include a critical assessment of the sources. Do not simply include a summary of what you have read

4. A strong introduction and conclusion, including further questions for research

Topic: Healthcare Informatics Research and Innovation

• 8 slides

• 3 References within 5 years

• Include introduction, a currently emerging healthcare technology system, goals for the product, data supporting the product, healthcare settings (including education), conclusion

(Outcomes 1, 2, 3, 4) (4 hours)

Why is understanding the health care system at the local level important to consider when planning an EBP implementation? Conduct research and solicit anecdotal evidence from your course preceptor that you will take into consideration for your own change project.

Case Study 

A 32-year-old African American mother of three toddlers who is 28 weeks pregnant is admitted to the high-risk pregnancy unit with regular contractions. She is concerned because the plans for her family are not finalized. She has many comfort needs, diagrammed in Table 33.1. When nurses assess for comfort needs in patients, they use the taxonomic structure, or comfort grid, to identify and organize all known needs. Using the comfort grid (see Fig. 33.1) as a mental guide, nurses design interrelated comforting interventions that can be implemented in one or two nurse–patient–family interactions. For this case, some suggestions to individualize the types of comfort interventions that might be considered are presented in 

Everything is in the document