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Mr. Mason is a 78-year-old retired, widowed ironworker.  He has been estranged from his adult son, an only child, for many years.  He was recently diagnosed with advanced lung cancer.  He recognized that he needed to make some plans for his immediate future, so he contacted his son and allowed him power of attorney.  Mr. Mason is admitted to your unit in severe pain.  He is somewhat confused, and you are unable to elicit information from him about his wishes regarding life-sustaining measures.  You carefully begin discussing this difficult subject with his son, as it is your hospital’s policy that everyone admitted to your oncology unit be informed about advanced directives. 

Mr. Mason’s son begins to sob uncontrollably, saying, “I was never a good son.  I left home when I was barely 19 and didn’t even write or call for many years.  I am just getting to know my dad, and now this happens.  I want as much time with him as possible.  He told me a few days ago that he was ready to die and didn’t want to be kept alive on machines.  But I need some more time with him.  Please, do everything you can to keep him alive.  I need for him to forgive me.”

Post: Answer the following questions in your post:

1. What are the ethical principles involved in this scenario?  What ethical principles are at play when considering the view of the son, when considering the view of the patient?
   • Please respond using the ethical terms and principles reviewed in the textbook and interactive modules to support your points.
2. What is the best decision to make based on ethical principles?  In other words, what would you do and based on what ethical principles?
3. Does your answer change when you consider your legal duties and responsibilities?

Note: Be sure to discuss how the advanced directive does or does not fit into the healthcare 

Reply to Mary G:

Identification of Components that Will Have Implications for Practice Concept analysis is a systematic approach used in nursing and other fields to describe and clarify abstract or complex concepts within a theoretical context. Concept analysis for theory development ensures that important nursing concepts are clearly defined, structured, and utilized in practice . It is a formal and systematic approach to analyzing what something is by considering the characteristics that define it, things that come before it, as well as the things that follow it to enhance precision and consistency in its use. (Tang et al., 2025).

         Key elements in concept analysis are selecting a concept, clarifying the purpose of the analysis, considering all usages of the concept, defining its attributes, and developing model cases that share the concept in action. It draws on borderline, contrary, related and illegitimate cases to demarcate the concept from adjacent or oppositional ideas. This is followed by identification of two to three empirical referents (measurable indicators), that will define the presence of the concept in the context. This approach can advance the theoretical foundation of nursing practice, and make sure that basic concepts are well specified as they are implemented in practice and professional environments (Aller & Almrwani, 2024).

       The reflection of concept analysis in practice highlights the foundation of nursing practice on theoretical and conceptual frameworks, emphasizing the need for optimal patient care through skilled nurses. For instance, in nursing education and professional practice, concept analysis helps to ensure appropriate conceptualization of key concepts like self-doubt, cognitive health motivation, and quality and safety (Tang et al., 2025). Further, concept analysis is applied in advanced nursing practice to explicating the scope of practice for Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs), which is crucial for compliance with the regulatory systems governing nursing practice and for delineating the professional role of the nurse in advanced practice (Mihelich & Burson, 2023).

     The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) infuses concept analysis in the DNP Essentials, most notably Essential I  and Essential II . Clarity of concepts serves as a foundation for developing theories and frameworks that guide our work as nurses in practice, clinical decision-making, and leadership as well . (Coleman, 2023). Nurses can develop an understanding of how abstract ideas are used and evaluate their relevance to real-life care scenarios through concept analyses, contributing to growth in the profession. As such, concept analysis serves not just as an intellectual exercise, but as an imperative process for refining and advancing nursing education, practice, and policy. 

References

Aller, L., & Almrwani, A. M. (2024). Nursing students’ self-doubt: An evolutionary concept analysis. Advances in Nursing Science, 47(2), 153-165. https://doi.org/10.1097/ANS.0000000000000410

Coleman, C. (2023). American Association of Colleges of Nursing: The New Essentials, Domain of Quality and Safety. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 27(2), 281.

Mihelich, K., & Burson, R. (2023). The elephant in the room: Distinguishing the AACN Essentials levels of competency in advanced practice. Journal of Professional Nursing, 48, 181e185.

Tang, J., Tian, M., Cheng, J., & Mao, X. (2025). A concept analysis of cognitive health motivation using the Walker and Avant method. Theory for Nursing Practice & Research.

APA format 7th edition

Minimum of one paragraph per question

Total of 3 questions

In this exercise, you will complete a MindMap to gauge your understanding of this week’s content. Select one of the possible topics provided to complete your MindMap.

• myocardial infarction
• congenital heart disease (may select ASD, VSD, or PDA)
• peripheral arterial disease
• peripheral vascular disease
• valvular heart disease
• cardiomyopathy (may select dilated, hypertrophic, or restricted)
• atherosclerosis
• aortic aneurysm
• deep vein thrombosis
• hypertension
• heart failure

Correction- pay particular attention to criterion 5 as it was not addressed in this submission. You want to demonstrate for the reader how your chosen solution relates to one or more of the four spheres of care. Kindly address the screenshots, add the correction to the uploaded work and highlight the correction in yellow.

During the student nurses’ first lecture in their
community health nursing course, the specialty of
community health was reviewed historically with
students. The students received information about the
contributions of selected nursing leaders
throughout history to the advancement of community
health nursing. Societal influences on the development
and practice of community health nursing were
included in the lecture. At the end of the lecture,
students were requested to prepare a one-page
summary about the lecture that included answers to
several questions.
1. The specialty of community health nursing
developed historically through four stages.
What was the major advancement for
community health nursing in each of the four
stages?
2. How does current nursing practice compare
with nursing practice at different points in
history? How has historical nursing practice
influenced current nursing practice?
3. What are examples of the academic and
advanced professional preparation of
community health nursing?

1. Answers must:
   • Be 100 words or more
   • Use the standard English grammar and spelling
   • References are cited (if necessary)

Healthy People 2030 objectives are organized into intuitive topics so you can easily find the information and data you’re looking for. Pick a topic you’re interested in and explore the related objectives. Some Healthy People 2030 objectives are also Leading Health Indicators (LHIs) a subset of high-priority objectives that cover the life span. Browse Healthy People 2030 LHIsLinks to an external site.

https://odphp.health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/leading-health-indicators

1. Select and list one indicator of your choice.

2.Explain why you chose that indicator. Describe the steps a BSN prepared nurse can take to help achieve that indicator by the year 2030.

Answer should be at least two paragraphs, double spaced. APA format 7th edition.