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Therapeutic drug monitoring is a frequent practice in health care. How does age affect drug absorption, metabolization and excretion?

The theoretical framework is a critical element of your work. A theoretical framework is the general representation of relationships in your problem and is based on existing theory. The conceptual framework is your idea on how the problem should be explored, and it is generally based on a theory. The difference between the two is the scope. Theory is broad; concept is narrow.

In most research studies, your framework can be either theoretical or conceptual in nature. For the purposes of this project, you will most likely follow a conceptual framework, which is your idea on how the research problem will be explored (although you could have both).

For example:

• Theoretical framework: Stimulus is applied to elicit a response
• Conceptual framework: A new teaching method is applied to elicit improvement in midterm test scores.

In this section of your change project, state the perspective through which the problem and/or phenomenon may be explored, and include the following:

1. Select a minimum of two theories.
2. Identify the process and logic in selecting these theoretical frameworks or conceptual frameworks for your study.
3. Discuss how each theory or model applies to the individual project. 
4. Present the framework guiding your study.
   • Describe the assumptions of the framework.
   • Describe each key component of the framework.
5. Discuss how each element of the phenomenon applies to the framework.
   • Apply each element of the theory to the elements of the phenomenon under study.
   • Develop the rationale for the sample selection criteria.
6. Discuss, analyze, and critique pertinent research that uses the framework.

Remember that research never proves theory. Your research project can only support or refute the theoretical propositions you are using as your framework. But if you do not use theory or conceptual frameworks in your research, you may not be able to put your findings in a context that could strengthen the nursing education profession!

This section should be 3–4 pages in length, not including the cover or reference page. You must reference a minimum of 3 scholarly articles.

#1

Refer to the assigned readings and identify one nursing theory that might be a foundation for your nursing practice. Explain how theory can be used in research.

The nursing theory that I have chosen is by Ida Jean Orlando, the Nursing process theory. The Nursing Process Theory provides a structured approach to patient care by focusing on assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. It emphasizes the importance of understanding each patient’s unique perspective, encouraging nurses to validate their feelings with patients before making any decisions. I feel this reflects my nursing practice because in the NICU care plans are always changing daily based on the patient’s progression, setbacks, etc. and it is very important to speak and communicate with the patient’s parents. This ensures that care plans are tailored to individual needs, which helps in offering effective and compassionate care. Additionally, I feel this nursing theory reflects how nursing is flexible and adaptable. This adaptability makes the Nursing Process a solid foundation for high-quality nursing practice (Gonzalo, 2023).

Select one article from the assigned reading under Articles for Discussion and

• State which article you have selected and discuss the
  ethical principle that was violated.

Article selected: Fake TV Game Show ‘Tortures’ Man, Shocks France

The major ethical principle that was violated in this experiment is Autonomy. The participants were not fully aware of the true nature of the experiment, as they were misled into believing it was a real game show where they had to deliver electric shocks to a man in an electric chair. This deception violated their right to make informed decisions about their participation. Additionally, the ongoing psychological harm caused to the contestants, who were coerced into continuing despite their distress, raises concerns about psychological harm and exploitation in the name of research or entertainment (Beardsley, 2010).

• Explain the role of the nurse in protecting human
  research participants based on the identified ethical
  principle.

Nurses play a crucial role in protecting human research participants by ensuring that they fully understand the study and are giving informed consent. This means making sure participants know the risks, benefits, and their right to withdraw at any time without penalty. Nurses must also advocate for the well-being of participants, ensuring that they are not exposed to unnecessary harm or distress during the study. By upholding these ethical principles, nurses help maintain the integrity of the research process while safeguarding participants’ rights and safety.

Gonzalo, Angelo. “Ida Jean Orlando – Deliberative Nursing Process Theory.” Nurseslabs, 2023, nurseslabs.com/ida-jean-orlandos-deliberative-nursing-process-theory/.

Beardsley, Eleanor. “Fake TV Game Show “Tortures” Man, Shocks France.” NPR, NPR, 18 Mar. 2010, www.npr.org/2010/03/18/124838091/fake-tv-game-show-tortures-man-shocks-france. Accessed 5 Feb. 2025.

#2

.    Refer to the assigned readings and identify one nursing theory that might be a foundation for your nursing practice. Explain how this theory could be used in research.

    The theory that best describes the foundation of my nursing practice is the philosophy and theory of transpersonal caring by Jean Watson. This theory focuses on health promotion and caring(Micah et al., 2024). As ER nurses, many patients in these settings have complications that can be treated and prevented with better health promotion and education. As an ER nurse, I promote better health and education to educate my patients on the autonomy they need to be successful and to help them keep from repeat visits to the ER that will burden them further financially. This theory can be applied to research using  Jean Watson’s ten carative factors to help develop a research question on how nurses’ caring behaviors can affect patient outcomes. 
2.    Select one article from the assigned reading under Articles for Discussion and
o    State which article you have selected and discuss the ethical principle that was violated.
    I have selected example 18, questioning a physician’s order(Faubion, 2025). The ethical principle that would apply to this scenario is Nonmaleficence. Nonmaleficence is about providing safe care and harm reduction. In this scenario, the nurse was given a medication order that may cause harm to the patient due to a potential allergy(Faubion, 2025). The nurse must question this order as it may harm the patient. 
o    Explain the role of the nurse in protecting human research participants based on the identified ethical principle.
    The ethical principle identified is Nonmaleficence; as stated in Why Ethics in Nursing Matters & Examples of Ethical Situations, “Nonmaleficence in nursing requires safe, effective, high-quality care(Galen College of Nursing, 2024). Nonmaleficence focuses on harm prevention, patient safety, and a safe working environment, all of which are key principles in protecting human research participants by ensuring the research being conducted in a manner in which patient safety is a priority. 

Reference
Faubion, D. (2025). 20 common examples of ethical dilemmas in nursing + how to deal with them. 20 Most-Common Examples of Ethical Dilemmas in Nursing. https://www.nursingprocess.org/ethical-dilemma-in-nursing-examples.html 

Galen College of Nursing.2024. Why ethics in nursing matters & examples of ethical situations. https://classroom.galencollege.edu/courses/7097019/pages/unit-5-faculty-added-content-k-hostetter?module_item_id=118071860

Micah, A., Lita, Affedzie, E. O., Kel, Vera, M., Maame, Yaa, Marva, Roland, B., Johnson, E. J., Vachirawit, W., Ackah, V. A., Maganizo, Quin, C. E., Isik, Sherise, Frank, PAPO, G., M., … BSN, G. W. (2024, August 8). Nursing theories and theorists: The Definitive Guide for Nurses. Nurseslabs. https://nurseslabs.com/nursing-theories/#h-florence-nightingale 

A SOAP note is a method of documentation employed by healthcare providers to record and communicate patient information in a clear, structured, and in an organized manner. This assignment will provide students with the necessary tools to document patient care effectively, enhance their clinical skills, and prepare them for their roles as competent healthcare providers.

Instructions:

SOAP is an acronym that stands for Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan. The episodic SOAP note is to be written using the attached template below.

For all the SOAP note assignments, you will write a SOAP note about one of your patients and use the following acronym:

S =Subjective data: Patient’s Chief Complaint (CC).

O =Objective data: Including client behavior, physical assessment, vital signs, and meds.

A =Assessment: Diagnosis of the patient’s condition. Include differential diagnosis.

P =Plan: Treatment, diagnostic testing, and follow up

Submission Instructions:

• Your SOAP note should be clear and concise and students will lose points for improper grammar, punctuation, and misspellings.
• You must use the template provided. Turnitin will recognize the template and not score against it.
• Your submission will be reviewed for plagiarism through Turnitin.

The purpose of this response is to better understand gynecological health care for lesbian, bisexual and transgender individuals.

• Define and describe for lesbian, bisexual and transgender individuals.
  • Gender and sexuality concepts.
  • Social and political context.
  • Social determinants of health affecting lesbian, bisexual and transgender individuals.
  • Barriers to health care.
  • Health care disparities.

Submission Instructions:

• The response is to be clear and concise and students will lose points for improper grammar, punctuation and misspelling.
• The response is to be no shorter than 3-4 pages in length, excluding the title and references page.
• Your response should be formatted per APA.
• Your submission will be reviewed for plagiarism through Turnitin.
• Incorporate current practice guidelines for diagnosis and treatment and a minimum of 4 current (published within the last five years) scholarly journal articles or primary legal sources (statutes, court opinions) within your work. Journal articles and books should be referenced according to APA style (the library has a copy of the APA Manual).

Select one of the following diagnoses: Diabetes, Congestive Heart Failure, Hypertension, Major Depressive Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder.

Definition of the diagnosis  

Prevalence and risk factors  

Pathophysiology (include classic signs and symptoms)  

Physical assessment and testing to confirm the diagnosis  

Differential Diagnoses (as applicable)  

Gold standard for treatment of a condition 

O.R. is a 42-year-old female patient that was evaluated by you at the office today. After your evaluation you concluded that she has Toxic Shock Syndrome. 

• Discuss and described the pathophysiology and symptomology/clinical manifestations of TSS.
• Discuss three differential diagnoses for AUB with ICD 10 numbers for each.
• Discuss patient education.
• Develop the management plan (pharmacological and nonpharmacological). 
   

Then, continue to discuss the 3 topics listed below for your case:

1. An effective health assessment incorporates not only physiological parameters; please suggest other parameters that should be considered and included on health assessments to reach maximal health potential on individuals.
2. Name the different family developmental stages and give examples of each one.
3. Describe family structure and function and the relationship with health care.

Submission Instructions:

• initial response should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources published within the last five years.