Discussion: 

Unit 2 Discussion – Misleading Graphs 

Can inaccurate graphs bias the interpretation of data? Graphs provide a visual representation of data meant to provide information. Here are three graphs that may present data inaccurately or misleadingly.  Choose one graph for this discussion and answer the questions based on your chosen graph.

Graph 1 was used to display changes in the Unemployment Rate for over 12 months.

 Graph 2 was used to display pizza topping preferences based on a survey of people living in the United Kingdom.

Graph 3 was used to display the number of complaints reported for six different airlines per the US Department of Transportation in February 2013. 

Instructions

For this discussion, you are to choose one graph and complete these steps based on the graph you chose:

Steps

• State the graph you chose.
• Discuss how you interpreted the graph when you first saw it.
  • What did it tell you about the data represented?
  • Did you find it confusing?
• Now, study the graph. Use your understanding of the topics Graphs, Pie Charts, and Bar Charts to interpret what is being presented.
• Compare your first impression with your second, more informed interpretation and answer the following:
  • Is the information presented in a biased way (that is, is it misleading?)
  • What information is being misinterpreted here? How?
  • What type of graph was used, and was it used correctly?
  • How could you correct the graph so that it more accurately represents the data?
• Discuss why someone might intentionally use a graph to mislead?

Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with citations and references in APA format.

Estimated time to complete: 2 hours

Visit the following website and answer the following question.

https://nurse.org/resources/family-nurse-practitioner/

1-After reviewing the different setting in which Family Nurse Practitioners work. What setting will be your career choice and why?

APA style, 500 words, 2 references not older than 5 years. 

Understanding family structure and style is essential to patient and family care. Conducting a family interview and needs assessment gathers information to identify strengths, as well as potential barriers to health. This information ultimately helps develop family-centered strategies for support and guidance.

This family health assessment is a two-part assignment. The information you gather in this initial assignment will be utilized for the second assignment in Topic 3.

Develop an interview questionnaire to be used in a family-focused functional assessment. The questionnaire must include three open-ended, family-focused questions to assess functional health patterns for each of the following:

1. Values/Health Perception
2. Nutrition
3. Sleep/Rest
4. Elimination
5. Activity/Exercise
6. Cognitive
7. Sensory-Perception
8. Self-Perception
9. Role Relationship
10. Sexuality
11. Coping

Select a family, other than your own, and seek permission from the family to conduct an interview. Utilize the interview questions complied in your interview questionnaire to conduct a family-focused functional assessment. Document the responses as you conduct the interview.

Upon completion of the interview, write a 750-1,000-word paper. Analyze your assessment findings. Submit your questionnaire as an appendix with your assignment.

Include the following in your paper:

1. Describe the family structure. Include individuals and any relevant attributes defining the family composition, race/ethnicity, social class, spirituality, and environment.
2. Summarize the overall health behaviors of the family. Describe the current health of the family.
3. Based on your findings, describe at least two of the functional health pattern strengths noted in the findings. Discuss three areas in which health problems or barriers to health were identified.
4. Describe how family systems theory can be applied to solicit changes in family members that, in turn, initiate positive changes to the overall family functions over time.

Cite at least three peer-reviewed or scholarly sources to complete this assignment. Sources should be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance. 

Reply to this discussion post (site sources if applicable)

The independent variable is the condition that you change in an experiment, its value doesn’t depend on by the state of another variable (Helmenstine, 2019). The independent variables that would be evaluated by assessment, providing postpartum depression (PPD) screening and resources to mothers with babies admitted to the NICU.

The dependent variable is the condition that is measured in an experiment, it is dependent on another variable to create a response (Helmenstine, 2019). The dependent variable would be the information that is collected after evaluation of the EBP project, such as the feelings and responses that mothers exhibit after the implementation of resources to assist them.

Freshmen/Juniors: Health is a privilege

Sophomore/Senior: Health is a right

Research what your assigned stance means.  Now post an 100 word post based on your assigned stance and back it up with a reputable reference (so no wikipedia or blogs). You must also rebutt (this means respectfully argue, not agree) someone else who has the opposite stance as you.  The rebuttal must also be a minimum of 100 words.  

Your assigned stance may not be what you truly believe, but that is what makes us acknowledge other people’s viewpoints.

The Adaptation Model of Nursing is a prominent nursing theory aiming to explain or define the provision of nursing science. In her theory, Sister Callista Roy’s model sees the individual as a set of interrelated systems who strives to maintain a balance between various stimuli.A 23-year-old male patient is admitted with a fracture of C6 and C7 that has resulted in quadriplegia. He was injured during a football game at the university where he is currently a senior. His career as a quarterback had been very promising. At the time of the injury, contract negotiations were in progress with a leading professional football team.

1. Use Roy’s criteria to identify focal and contextual stimuli for each of the four adaptive modes.

2. Consider what adaptations would be necessary in each of the following four adaptive modes: (1) physiological, (2) self-concept, (3) interdependence, and (4) role function.

3. Create a nursing intervention for each of the adaptive modes to promote adaptation.

Assignment title or task:

– Discuss   some health communication strategies used by Saudi MOH during COVID-19

– Give   examples 

– Briefly   evaluate these strategies (or one of the examples) 

Guidelines:

· Use this Word Document. 

· Fill in student’s information on the first page of this document.

· Start your writing from the next page (page 3)

• Word      limit: 500 words (about 1.5 pages) 
• Font should be 12 Times New Roman
• Headings should be Bold 
• Color should be Black
• Line spacing should be 1.5
• Use      reliable references (APA format)
• AVOID PLAGIARISM (you will get      ZERO when there is plagiarism) 
• You should use at least 2 references
• Submit this WORD Document when you      complete the required task
• Submission should be before      the deadline (submission after the deadline is not allowed) 

  Sometimes nursing can be impacted by research such as the IOM report regarding BSN level nurses vs. AD nurses. While some facilities help AD nurses go back to school, others are not or have more need than for nurses and cannot only employ BSN level nurses. If you were in a leadership role and could have an impact regarding this, what would be your approach? How would you address the need for staff being greater than your ability only to employ BSN or have AD nurses go back to school?  

REPLY1

It was expected by both patients and health professionals that health professionals were the ultimate authority by virtue of their expertise and would therefore make the final decision about what was best for patients (Stone, 1979). Patients were not expected to play an active role in their healthcare. Nor did providers expect patients to abide by their teaching. In fact, information about their health was typically held from them (Flavo, 2011). The patients knowing too much would make the physicians feel less important and the patient would have less respect for them.

Now, patients have total control over their health and the care they receive as well as the ability to remain compliant or not. Despite what they believed back in the day; patients respect providers more when they give information to the patient about their condition. “Patients frequently misinterpret a lack of information as meaning that the truth is so negative that it cannot be shared with them” (Flavo, 2011). I have found that in my practice, patients are more willing to open up, ask for help and return to follow up appointments if the provider and nurses are more open and hands on with the patient teaching.

However, patients must want to participate in their care. They must be active and engaged to have the best possible outcomes. By telling the patient the consequences of not adhering to the care plan can build trust, enforce teaching, and assure the patient is aware of what is going on.

In my field, I always assess the readiness of my patient to learn. Most are post-surgery, so they do not get up without pain medication or wanting to lay in bed all day and not get in the chair. After assessing readiness, I begin planning the day they are admitted, and that plan continues through till the day of discharge.

Falvo, D. R. (2011). Effective patient education: A guide to increased adherence(fourth ed., pp. 1 & 221). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Retrieved from https://viewer.gcu.edu/RQBKXW

Stone, G. C. (1979). Patient compliance and the role of the expert. Journal of Social Issues, 35(1), 34–59.

REPLY2

The involvement of the patient in the decisions concerning their own health has increased over the years. Patients are now expected to assume more personal responsibility for health outcomes, and patient participation in health and health care has been promoted as best practices. In the past, patients were viewed as passive recipients of health care (Stone, 1979). Generally, neither patients were expected to play any active role in their health care by health care professionals too. (Stone, 1979). Today, this has changed drastically. Patients can now ask questions about their health and demand answers.

Today’s health care system accommodates the personal feelings that patients have on the various treatment plans available. Clinicians and nurses are now being trained on involving patient in their health care practice decision making process from school. I still remember reading patient right, informed consent chapters in nursing school which always guide us to inform patient any all his health issues and get permission before performing and treatment plan. This is an example of empowering patients to make decision in their health care. Technology is considered to be one of the significant sources of developing control over health in people. Patient gain lot of health information related to their health problems in internet so they can get more information and easily understand the therapeutic intervention and make decision appropriately Internet where we can get preventive measures to illness in primary level has enabled people to practice healthy health habit to avoid illness . People are gaining control over health. For example looking to internet and practicing yoga is also an example of gaining control over fitness and health. My 20 year old cousin has DM and he is aware about his disease, sign and symptoms of hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia ,diabetic diet, he states “ aunty I learnt all this from health related websites”. This in just an example how people have knowledge about their health condition and can make decision based upon this knowledge with health care team.

Reference

Falvo, D. R. (2011). Effective patient education: A guide to increased adherence. (4th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Publishers. Retrieved from: https://viewer.gcu.edu/RQBKXW

Stone, G. C. (1979). Patient compliance and the role of the expert. Journal of Social Issues, 35(1), 34–59.

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

As an advanced practice nurse assisting physicians in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders, it is important to not only understand the impact of disorders on the body, but also the impact of drug treatments on the body. The relationships between drugs and the body can be described by pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

Pharmacokinetics describes what the body does to the drug through absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, whereas pharmacodynamics describes what the drug does to the body.

Photo Credit: Getty Images/Ingram Publishing

When selecting drugs and determining dosages for patients, it is essential to consider individual patient factors that might impact the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes. These patient factors include genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, behavior (i.e., diet, nutrition, smoking, alcohol, illicit drug abuse), and/or pathophysiological changes due to disease.

For this Discussion, you reflect on a case from your past clinical experiences and consider how a patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes may alter his or her response to a drug.

To Prepare

• Review the Resources for this module and consider the principles of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
• Reflect on your experiences, observations, and/or clinical practices from the last 5 years and think about how pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors altered his or her anticipated response to a drug.
• Consider factors that might have influenced the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes, such as genetics (including pharmacogenetics), gender, ethnicity, age, behavior, and/or possible pathophysiological changes due to disease.
• Think about a personalized plan of care based on these influencing factors and patient history in your case study.

By Day 3 of Week 1

Post a description of the patient case from your experiences, observations, and/or clinical practice from the last 5 years. Then, describe factors that might have influenced pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes of the patient you identified. Finally, explain details of the personalized plan of care that you would develop based on influencing factors and patient history in your case. Be specific and provide examples.