Infectious disease 

Requirement

My state is Maryland.

Week 5 Paper: Transgender Individuals with HIV/Aids

Apply the concepts of population health and epidemiology to the topic.

Synthesize Course content from Weeks 1-5 according to the following sections: 

Introduction: Analysis of the communicable disease (causes, symptoms, mode of transmission, complications, treatment) to include demographic break down that includes age, gender, race, or other at-risk indicators (da ta per demographics should include mortality, morbidity, incidence, and prevalence). 

Determinants of Health: Define, identify and synthesize the determinants of health as related to the development of the infection. Utilize HP2020.  Robust identification and description of the determinants of health with explanation of how those factors contribute to the development of this disease. Evidence supports background. 

Epidemiological Triad: Identify and describe all elements of the epidemiological triad: Host factors, agent factors (presence or absence), and environmental factors. Utilize the demographic break down to further describe the triad. Uses example/s, resources, to fully describe the triad.

Role of the Nurse Practitioner: Succinctly define the role of the nurse practitioner according to a national nurse practitioner organization ( National Board of Nursing or AANP, for example) and synthesize the role to the management of infectious diseases (surveillance, primary/secondary/tertiary interventions, reporting, data collecting, data analysis, and follow-up). This includes the integration of a model of practice which supports the implementation of an evidence-based practice.  Refer to your course textbook for models of practice examples. ( Curley, A.L. & Vitale, P.A. (2016). Population-Based Nursing: Concepts and Competencies for Advanced Practice (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Springer Publishing).

Preparing the paper

Submission Requirements

Application: Use Microsoft Word™ to create the written assessment. 

Length: The paper (excluding the title page and reference page) should be limited to a maximum of four (5) pages. Papers not adhering to the page length may be returned to you for editing to meet the length guidelines . 

A minimum of three (3) scholarly research/literature references must be used. CDC or other web sources may be utilized but are not counted towards the three minimum references required. Your course text may be used as an additional resource but is not included in the three minimum scholarly references.

APA format current edition.

Include scholarly in-text references and a reference list.

Do not write in the first person (such as “me” “I”)

Follow submission requirements.

Make sure all elements on the grading rubric are included. Organize the paper using the rubric sections and appropriate headings to match the sections.

Rules of grammar, spelling, word usage, and punctuation are followed and consistent with formal, scientific writing.

Title page, running head, body of paper, and reference page must follow APA guidelines as found in the current edition of the manual. This includes the use of headings for each section of the paper except for the introduction where no heading is used.

Ideas and information that come from scholarly literature must be cited and referenced correctly.

A minimum of three (3) scholarly literature references must be used. **See above section on “Preparing the Paper”.

A composition from English Composition. This work has to be done in MLA format, no fewer than 500 words and no more than 520. Will be evaluated in Turnitin. Due date 11/29/2020. I attached the description and some examples of the topics you can choose. 

 zero plagiarism

Five References

Please follow the instruction below

Assume you are a nurse manager on a unit where a new nursing documentation system is to be implemented. You want to ensure that the system will be usable and acceptable for the nurses impacted. You realize a nurse leader must be on the implementation team.

To Prepare:

• Review the steps of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) and reflect on the scenario presented.
• Consider the benefits and challenges associated with involving a nurse leader on an implementation team for health information technology.

The Assignment: (2-3 pages)

In preparation of filling this role, develop a 2- to 3-page role description for a graduate-level nurse to guide his/her participation on the implementation team. The role description should be based on the SDLC stages and tasks and should clearly define how this individual will participate in and impact each of the following steps:

• Planning and requirements definition
• Analysis
• Design of the new system
• Implementation
• Post-implementation support

Create a PowerPoint presentation of 14-16 slides with speaking notes on the new regulations impacting the practice as a result of the Affordable Care Act.

Introduction

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA or ACA) was signed into law by President Barack Obama in 2010. The ACA attempts to increase access to care, reduce cost, and improve quality. Nearly 50 different reform initiatives were implemented between 2010 and 2017. Although primary care is a major focus of the act, these additional initiatives are focused on 10 different areas, including public health, prevention of disease, community health, and increasing revenue provisions to pay for the reform (Niles, 2021). The law has been controversial due to the mandate that all Americans must purchase health insurance.

The U.S. government plays a significant role in the operation of the country’s health care system. Quality, access, funding, education, and preventative services are all influenced by the U.S. government (Niles, 2021), and the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has further increased the role and involvement of the government in health care. All health care administrators must be knowledgeable on the role of the government.

Numerous governmental organizations exist, such as the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and the Office of the Surgeon General to name a few. Each organization exists for a specific purpose and has a specific mission. Your role as an administrator will be to understand the scope of these agencies and to help your organization meet or exceed the governmental mandates imposed by each.

Reference

Niles, N. J. (2021). Basics of the U.S. health care system (4th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Demonstration of Proficiency

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:

• Competency 1: Analyze current health reform, policy, and regulation in U.S. health care. 
  • Explain the Affordable Care Act and its impact on the U.S. health care system and on the practice of health care in the United States.
  • Analyze current trends in policy and predict future reforms.
  • Explain how health care reform and policy have impacted health care quality and cost.
  • Explain how regulatory agencies have evolved to address health reform and policy.
• Competency 4: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and respectful of the diversity, dignity, and integrity of others. 
  • Produce a presentation that conveys understanding of the topic, its context, and its relevance.
  • Use academic writing conventions such as APA formatting and citation style, or others as required.
  • Produce writing that includes minimal grammar, usage, and mechanical errors, including spelling.

Instructions

Imagine you are an office manager for a ten-physician primary care practice. You have been asked by the physician group to research and give a presentation on the new regulations impacting the practice as a result of the Affordable Care Act. Using the resources provided, plus at least two other peer-reviewed articles based on your own research, develop a PowerPoint presentation of 14–16 slides, complete with speaking notes. Address the following:

• Explain the Affordable Care Act and its impact on the U.S. health care system and on the practice of health care in the United States.
• Analyze current trends in policy, and predict future reforms as a result of the current state.
• Explain how regulatory agencies have evolved to address health reform and policy.
• Explain how health care reform and policy have impacted health care quality and cost.

You might want to (but do not have to) organize your presentation using the following outline:

• Slide 1: Title of the Presentation.
• Slide 2: Brief explanation of the purpose of the presentation.
• Slide 3: The Affordable Care Act.
• Slide 4: Impact on the U.S. Health Care System.
• Slide 5: Impact on the Practice of Health Care in the United States.
• Slides 6–7: Current Trends in Policy.
• Slide 8: Future Reforms.
• Slides 10–12: The Role of Regulatory Agencies (one slide per agency you address).
• Slide 13: Impact to Quality.
• Slide 14: Impact to Cost. 
• Slide 15: Concluding Summary.

Presentation Requirements

Your presentation should consist of:

• 14–16 bulleted slides.
• Speaker notes that fully explain each slide.
• A minimum of two peer-reviewed references, in addition to resources offered in this course or that you find yourself, including government websites.
• Appropriate APA citations and peer-reviewed references on each slide, as necessary.

General Guidelines for PowerPoint

• Keep the design simple. Font: Arial or Verdana, size 24-point, minimum.
• Keep the slides concise: 5–7 bullet points per slide and 5–7 words per bullet. Use speaker notes to explicate the bullets.
• For best color contrast, use light text on dark background (for example, yellow on black, white on dark blue).
• Use the proper slide layout. For example, if a slide has a title and text, it is created using the correct Title and Text layout.

1. Prepare examples of various coding and billing issues that you have experienced in the clinical setting (Peds and women’s health).

2. Provide a brief description about the NPI numbers for nurse practitioners.

Read the following article:

https://journals.lww.co m/jwocnonline/Fulltext/ 2012/03001/Reimburse ment_of_Advanced_Pra ctice_Registered.4.aspx

Week 8–REPLY TO THIS:ONE PAGE ONE   REFERENCE//////

COLLAPSE

Top of Form

    Registered nurses and Advanced practice nurses, play a huge roll when it comes to health care and policy changes. One of the

ways RNs and APRNS make head way, is by being a part of the American Nurses Association (ANA), or something similar. Being a

part of a bigger organization would give them more of advantage and a louder voice. Additionally, health care organizations are in

the favor of the nurse, so a push for policy changes, would make it easier in their favor. Another way nurses make an impact, is by

expressing their beliefs, at their workplace. Being a nurse, makes you already a great role model. But being a nurse and good one,

now thats tough to find. A good nurse knows who her place, and looks out for others and does not think about themselves. Making

them leaders and giants in their industry. With this, they can push for change and help with hospital programs in their workplace if

needed. Like helping to develop fall programs for patients, or creating a charge nurse committee for the units. 

    Now with these advantages, comes greater obstacles. One of the issues, would be to try and get accepted into a health care

organization. Whether it be membership fees, issues with your nursing license in the past, or the simple fact of getting chosen.

Sometimes trying to become a member is not a very task and it becomes a complex process. Another issue, would be having your

voice heard and having it fall on deaf ears, at the work place. For example, what is the point of fighting for your unit, when the staff

it self, only looks out for themselves and it does not make you feel like you are part of a team. Then, having bad management who

only care about the unit numbers and the unit budget. Making you feel like no matter how hard you try, you can always be

replaced. 

    In order to overcome these challenges, like any good relationship, their has to be trust and above all, communication. Voicing

your opinion on items or procedures you do not agree with. If you are not heard by your own manager, then take it to the next

level. You did not work this hard to achieve this nursing license, to risk it for a policy or a procedure that you believe is not ethical.

With it, more training for veteran and future nurses, should be implemented. To be given the opportunity to be aware of new

changes or medications, that will affect their place of work. Additionally, having great leadership and courage to speak up for the

unit staff and the safety of patients. 

References:

-Congress.gov.(n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://www.congress.gov/

 APA STYLE AT LEAST 3 REFERENCES AND CITATIONS. 

NOTE: “Im studying nursing”

1. What are three questions you should ask yourself when you begin your job search?

2. What are the most common mistakes people make in preparing their résumés? 

3. What should you know about your prospective employer before the job interview?

4. What should the interviewee try to achieve during a job interview? What should you look for? What red flags should you watch for? 

5. What can you do in advance to prepare for the changes during the first year of employment? 

6. Create your own SWOT analysis. How would you respond to your personal strengths and weaknesses if you were a prospective employer? How can you enhance your strengths and improve in areas of weakness? 

7. Draw a career path for yourself, beginning with the present year and extending to the age of retirement. Be sure to include any “twists and turns” of the path you expect to experience along the way and any barriers you expect to encounter. How will you handle these experiences? 

8. Do an online nationwide search for information about current job prospects in nursing.Compare opportunities in various regions of the country. Why do you think these opportunities are the same or different? 

9. Develop a list of questions that you should ask a potential employer. What “homework” will you need to do to prepare for an interview? 

 
Reply 1

Provide two different examples of how research uses hypothesis testing, and describe the criteria for rejecting the null hypothesis. Discuss why this is important in your practice and with patient interactions.

In order to provide examples of uses for hypothesis testing it is important to understand what a hypothesis is. “The hypothesis statements are the blueprint for completing the statistical analysis of the gathered data.” (Ambrose, 2018) Testing a hypothesis evaluates if the prediction made on two variables is valid. Gathering data to show correlations is how you test a hypothesis.

The two examples that came to mind when thinking of a hypothesis in health care are the prediction that washing hands decreases infections and following a specific diet will lead to increased health. “The Null hypothesis indicates the lack of relationship between the variables or that there is no effect on the variables.” (Ambrose, 2018) The criteria to reject a null hypothesis is data proving that the hypothesis is false. When the research is reliable, patterns should occur. When there are patterns, this will permit the researcher to reject the null hypotheses. (Ambrose, 2018) Hypotheses are tested using a one or two tailed testing. (Ambrose, 2018) A one-tailed test is used when the researcher is sure that direction of data will go in a certain way. “A two-tailed test identifies both the positive and negative differences.” (Ambrose, 2018)

As health care professionals, it is important to be able to utilize hypotheses and being able to evaluate them. Nursing interventions and care for patients are products of evidence based practice guidelines, which can be every changing with new research and data. Being able to interpret and utilize these guidelines is important to positive patient care. Nursing improvements and positive patient outcomes can be determined by quality research.

References

Ambrose, J. (2018). Applied Statistics for Health Care. Retrieved from Grand Canyon University: https://lc.gcumedia.com/hlt362v/applied-statistics-for-health-care/v1.1/#/chapter/3

Reply 2

Predictions of what will happen in a study between two variables is a hypothesis. A hypothesis is needed prior to starting the research to guide the data that is needed to be gathered for the variable. With the data that is collected, research process validates a hypothesis by showing correlation or mutual relationship. Research is always a measure in in a study or understanding differences. “Hypothesis testing is used to establish whether a research hypothesis extends beyond those individuals examined in a single study.” (Laerd, 2018)

One example is two groups of students virtual and in person. The hypothesis could be that in person students did better than virtual students in test taking, showing in person learning is important for the education of school age students. Another example could be that daily zoom meetings or virtual class has a higher classroom average of the students compared to the students who attends zoom virtual classes biweekly. For both, examples the average of test in grades for the sample represents the population.

In health care it shows findings that can be empowered and shows alternative explanations that may or may not be significant without research and hypothesis testing advancements could be detrimental for care of those that need advanced medication or treatment. Sample of 100 breast cancer sufferers depend on research to have new chemotherapy treatment to eradicate cancer more effectively than current treatment type. Consider the process first involved in what your measuring then outlines your structure. This is important for the patients and given opportunity to have treatment that has evidence to work versus medication that has not worked and no evidence to work.

Criteria for rejecting the null hypothesis: “the null hypothesis indicates the lack of relationship between the variables or that there is no effect on the variables.”(Ambrose, 2018) “Data should show patterns, allowing the researcher to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.” (Ambrose, 2018) Keep in mind a rejection could be in error. The rejection based on probability results are accurate. If shown effect, null rejected. “A failure to reject the null hypothesis indicates no effect is shown by the evidence.” (Ambrose, 2018) For a null to be rejected, 95% of values need to set close to the mean.

Resources

Ambrose, J. (2018). Applied statistics for health care.Retrieved from https://lc.gcumedia.com/hlt362v/applied-statistics-for-health-care/v1.1

I have attached the instructions for part 2

Preparing Additional WRITTEN PAPER: Additional Questions

· Page Length: 2-3 pages EXCLUDING title page and reference (APA format)

· Answers must be descriptive and comprehensive.

§ Each answer must have 2 complete paragraphs with at least 10 sentences in each paragraph.

§ Must use complete sentences. 

· Paper must be written following Paper Format using APA format (Title page, Running head, Page number, Headings, In-text Citation, Full-sentences, and References)

PAPER FORMAT

Body Weight and Physical Status

· How does excess body weight affect Five body systems?

§ Describe the mechanisms of extra body weight on each body system.

§ Cardiovascular (CV)System

§ Gastrointestinal (GI) System

§ Musculoskeletal System

§ Endocrine System

§ Immune System

· Must include in-text citations

Barriers and Challenges 

· Identify Three barriers and challenges to losing weight in the U.S.

· Describe how and why each identified barrier and challenge affect losing weight? 

· Must include in-text citations

Cultural Considerations

· Identify Three different cultures. 

· Describe how and why each culture influence weight and weight loss with clients in each culture

· Must include in-text citations

Advice for Mark

· What would you suggest to help Mark achieve a healthy weight?

· Must include in-text citations

PLAGIARISM: “Turnitin” Percentage: Less than 25 percentage: Acceptable Percentage.

· Turnitin Draft Submission Box

§ Submit your draft of paper into Turnitin Draft Submission Box to check your percentage as many times as needed before you submit your final paper to designated Unit. 

· If your Final paper has 25% or higher percentage, you must revise/modify your paper contents BEFORE you submit your paper due date and time.

· If your Final paper has 25% or higher percentage AT/AFTER you submit your final paper due date and time, Academic Integrity Violation Procedures will be initiated

Academic Integrity Violation Procedure

· Academic Integrity Violation letter will be sent to student

· Assignment Grade will be 0 point

· The violation case will be reviewed and a further sanction will be determined by the Administrators.