Please refer below for Instructions

The purpose of this assignment is to give you an idea of how challenging it is when health care is a scarce resource. There will never be enough money for everyone to have every health care service they may need or want. Who makes these decisions? Perhaps a government agency, perhaps an insurance company. It is easy to blame a nameless, faceless business for denying care. But what if it was you? What if you worked in that field and the burden to allocate too few resources to too many needy patients sat on your shoulders? Might you have a completely different perspective? How do payors determine what to cover? The answer is simple and complex at the same time. Payers generally do not cover anything experimental. They have clear policies for what specific plans cover. They often require preauthorization to ensure that the test/procedure is truly necessary and that it is supported by best practice showing improved quality outcomes.

In this case you are not working for an insurance company. You are a senior executive in a hospital. The hospital sets aside charity care monies each year to assist needy patients. There are always more needy patients than there are funds. When the funds are gone, they are gone. This year, you are tasked with distribution of the money.

None of the patients have insurance or any significant funds. You have 1 million dollars. It cannot be used for more than one patient.

The patients are as follows:

1.  Patient A is a 70 y/o retired business executive who needs a $500,000 heart transplant and $500,000 in post care surgery (i.e. medications, rehab, follow- ups, etc.)

2.  Patient B is a toddler with cerebral palsy (affect a person’s ability to move and maintain balance and posture) who needs $500,000 for ongoing care. With expert care the expected lifespan is teenage.

3.  Patient C is a 32 year old mother of 2 who needs a $750,000 bone marrow transplant and $500,000 in post care surgery (i.e. medications, rehab, follow- ups, etc.).

4.  Patient D is a 38 y/o athlete who needs a hepatitis C drug that costs $30,000/ month. The patient could live a normal life span as long as the drug is provided.

5.  Patient E is a micro-premature baby who is costing $10,000 day with a 20% chance of survival. The hospital stay is expected to be 12 months minimum, not including any needed surgical procedures, and not including likely life-long health care needs if he survives.

Determine the distribution of health care funds

Include the following aspects in the assignment:

Ø  Which patient should receive the funding and why?

Ø  If the funds were available to be shared among the patients, would you have chosen differently?

Ø  How did you feel having to make a choice?

Ø  Discuss if this exercise has changed your view of the challenges behind paying for health care

Read chapters 16 and 17 of the class textbook and review the PowerPoint presentations located in the PowerPoint folder. Once done answer the following questions.

1. Identify and discuss the incidence and prevalence of intimate partner violence (IVP).

2. Explains the effects of IPV in adults and children.

3. How do you think the values of different skate-holders such as the alcohol industry, local communities, local law enforcement, public health organizations, nurse researchers, nurse clinician in alcohol treatment facilities, and college students would affect the identification of “social harms” associated with alcohol abuse and misuse?

4. Do you think the general public’s perception of the social harms associated with alcohol, tobacco, ad cannabis has changed? Why?

APA style (intext and citations)

Plagiarism FREE

 A minimum of 3 evidence-based references no older than 5 years must be used.   

Review American Institute for Healthcare management – Publications -Healthcare Economics. 

https://www.amihm.org/category/healthcare-economies/

Write a 250-300 words reflection on “Supply and Demand” from the website. What have you learned new? How can you use that for “your” business?  In this case, my business would be in-house detox. Detoxing individuals with issues with alcohol, opioids, etc.

Make sure all reference sources are within 5 years.

APA format.

Plagiarism receipt requires

Please do not have it Turnitin 

No plagiarism!!

APA style

follow directions

BEFORE BEGINNING ASSIGNMENT. PLEASE READ THE REQUIRED READING IN THE ATTACHMENTS.

HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT

Case Assignment-Fighting Chronic Disease and Community Nutrition Intervention

For this Case Assignment you will expand your understanding of core public health roles; specifically nutrition. Please answer these questions:

1. Discuss the differences in the role of public health in the prevention of infectious diseases and chronic diseases. In your opinion, which will be more important to the health of our nations over the next 20 to 30 years?

2. Discuss and explain the role of prevention in fighting and controlling the spread of chronic diseases and the impact of chronic diseases on health care spending.

3. Discuss the core public health responsibilities and how they have had an impact on nutritional issues in America, including obesity and diabetes. Do you believe that they have been effectively or ineffectively managed by public health agencies? Define and discuss the role of State government in this area and how it differs from that of the Federal government.

4. How do community nutritionists, public health nutritionist, and clinical nutritionist differ?

5. Why is nutrition important in health and disease treatment, control and prevention and how is nutrition related to any of the Social Determinants of Health?

6. Which organizations are involved in public health nutrition? Of the organizations identified which one has the most influence over public policy for public health nutrition? Please justify your response.

Please submit your Case Assignment at the end of Module 4. Please refer to the Trident calendar for exact due dates. Please contact me at any time should you have any questions.

Assignment Expectations

1. You are expected to consult the scholarly literature in preparing your paper; you are also expected to incorporate relevant background readings.

2. Your paper should be written in your own words. This will enable your instructor to assess your level of understanding.

3. In order to earn full credit, you must clearly show that you have read ALL required Background materials.

4. Be sure to cite your references in the text of all papers and on the reference list at the end. For examples, look at the way the references are listed in the modules and on the Background reading list. Remember, any statement that you make that is not common knowledge or that originates from your synthesis or interpretation of materials you have read must have a citation associated with it. For guidelines on in-text citations, visit the following website: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/02/

5. Proofread your paper to be sure grammar and punctuation are correct and that each part of the assignment has been addressed clearly and completely.

6. Your assignment will not be graded until you have submitted an Originality Report with a Similarity Index (SI) score <15% (excluding direct quotes, quoted assignment instructions, and references). Papers not meeting this requirement by the end of the session will receive a score of 0 (grade of F). Papers with a lower SI score may be returned for revisions. For example, if one paragraph accounting for only 10% of a paper is cut and pasted, the paper could be returned for revision, despite the low SI score. Please use the report and your SI score as a guide to improve the originality of your work.

Length: Your paper should be 5-7 pages (double-spaced) in length, and include 5-7 peer-reviewed reference citations (excluding title page and references)

Note: Wikipedia is not an acceptable source of information.

Module 4 – Background – Reading Requirement

Healthy Chicago Launch (view video and write reflection) https://live.avchicago.com/HealthyChicago2025/ 

Write a paper of 500-750 words for your proposed evidence-based practice project solution. Address the following criteria:

1. Proposed Solution: (a) Describe the proposed solution (or intervention) for the problem and the way(s) in which it is consistent with current evidence. Heavily reference and provide substantial evidence for your solution or intervention. (b) Consider if the intervention may be unrealistic in your setting, if it may be too costly, or if there is a lack of appropriate training available to deliver the intervention. If the intervention is unrealistic, you may need to go back and make changes to your problem statement before continuing.
2. Organization Culture: Explain the way(s) in which the proposed solution is consistent with the organization or community culture and resources.
3. Expected Outcomes: Explain the expected outcomes of the project. The outcomes should flow from the problem statement.
4. Method to Achieve Outcomes: Develop an outline of how the outcomes will be achieved. List any specific barriers that will need to be assessed and eliminated. Make sure to mention any assumptions or limitations that may need to be addressed.
5. Outcome Impact: Describe the impact the outcomes will have on one or all of the following indicators: quality care improvement, patient-centered quality care, efficiency of processes, environmental changes, or professional expertise.

You are required to cite three to five sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

Note: After submitting the assignment, you will receive feedback from the instructor. Use this feedback to make revisions for your final paper submission. This will be a continuous process throughout the course for each section.

Base the above assignment based off of this information I posted below.  The Rubric is attached

For this paper, the selected survey tool for assessing organizational culture and readiness for implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP) is the Organization Culture and Readiness for System-Wide Integration of Evidence-Based Practice (OCRSYWI). The role of this tool is to aid in the investigation, evaluation, and to determine if the organization is ready for the implementation of evidence-based practice.

Organization’s Readiness Level

The process of investigation revealed several issues about the readiness of the organization for the implementation of evidence-based practice. One is that nurses are demonstrated and promised to fully participate in the process of implementation of this practice. Also, the physicians and other allied healthcare providers promised to support the nursing staff in the process of implementing evidence-based practice. The availability of the research department is another evidence of the readiness of the organization to implement the evidence-based practice. In this department are nurses working in partnership with regional and national research institutes. The research personnel, therefore, aid the nursing staff in the translation of research findings to practice. Finally, the organization has an EBP mentoring program that is tasked to train and motivate nurses to take the responsibility of implementing the evidence-based practice.

Barriers.

Several barriers have been identified to hinder the process of implementing evidence-based practice. They are both human and institutional factors. One of the barriers is the lack of adequate time to go through the available literature from research. This is attributed to nursing shortages which leads to too much workload on available nursing staff. Another barrier is the inadequate experience by nurses on the evidence-based practice due to limited training on the same (Duncombe, 2018). Lastly, the lack of adequate resources for some procedures to be done is a significant barrier to the implementation of EBP.

Facilitators.

Among the facilitators of implementation of evidence-based practice includes the readiness of the nursing staff and other healthcare providers to receive training on the process of implementing EBP. Also, the willingness of the healthcare organization to support the whole process of implementing evidence-based practice in the management of diabetes type 2 among people with lower socioeconomic status is a facilitating factor. This is important as it ensures that the implementers have all the necessary resources to achieve the desired outcomes (Duncombe, 2018).

Problem Statement.

Diabetes mellitus type 2 is one of the common chronic diseases in the current society. The majority of the people affected by this disease are those from the lower socioeconomic status. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is considered a lifestyle condition. As a result, its prevalence is high among people of lower socioeconomic status due to barriers that hinder them from accessing quality health care services (Xu et al., 2018). These barriers are both social and physical determinants of health. These are the factors that affect where how people live, grow, interact, and even die. They include housing, availability of food, access to healthcare, level of education, and nutritional practices (Walker, Williams & Egede, 2016). These factors are experienced differently by people. As a result, there are disparities in health and its outcomes among the people. These disparities are high among the people of low socioeconomic status and suffering from diabetes mellitus type 2. Therefore, providing quality and equal healthcare service to the people is essential in reducing the disparities observed among these people as far as diabetes mellitus type 2 is concerned. This is essential in the achievement of the goals of healthy people 2020.

Research Summary and Literature Review.

According to research, there are significant health disparities related to diabetes in America. The disparities are associated with different social and physical disparities of health. These are the factors that affect the health and the outcomes of health among the people. The factors that determine health are systemic, societal, and individual in nature. Systemic factors are those that are related to the healthcare system. These include a lack of adequate resources, or policies and a shortage of healthcare providers. The healthcare system is not adequately funded to provide adequate preventive care to the people of America (Ong et al., 2018). As a result, individuals are being diagnosed with diabetes which could have been prevented. Availability of adequate resources ensures that community healthcare workers are able to provide preventive and health promotional services to the people regarding diabetes. This is likely to impact people with low socioeconomic status at risk of developing diabetes. For those who already have the disease, the provision of health promotional services help to prevent complications from arising.

Lack of adequate healthcare providers such as nurses and physician is another important factor that contributes to poor health outcomes among people of low socioeconomic status with diabetes (Ong et al., 2018). This is because the majority of the case is diagnosed late when the disease has already advanced to critical stages. Without adequate nurses and doctors, such patients are likely to receive low-quality care. Poor healthcare policies are associated with disorganized healthcare delivery. As a result individuals of the low socioeconomic class are likely to be discriminated against by the healthcare system hence resulting in poor delivery and access to healthcare.

Societal factors include those that affect the structure and nature of healthcare delivery. They include the geographical location of individuals and the healthcare facilities. The majority of the people of low socioeconomic class live in remote or slum areas. Healthcare facilities are not usually present in these areas. As a result, people have to move a long distance in search of healthcare services (Hill-Briggs et al., 2020). For conditions such as diabetes mellitus, any delay in intervention could result in devastating health outcomes for the people.

Individual factors that influence the incidence and prevalence of diabetes among the individual with low socioeconomic status are dietary practices and sedentary lifestyle. Due to lack of adequate finance, these individuals usually feed on unhealthy food that increases the likelihood of developing or complicating diabetes (Butler, 2017). A sedentary lifestyle such as lack of physical activity is another factor that contributes to the high prevalence of diabetes among the identified group. Therefore, evidence-based practice plays an essential role in the prevention and appropriate management of diabetes among such people in America today.

References

Butler, A. M. (2017). Social determinants of health and racial/ethnic disparities in type 2 diabetes in youth. Current diabetes reports, 17(8), 60.

Duncombe, D. C. (2018). A multi‐institutional study of the perceived barriers and facilitators to implementing evidence‐based practice. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 27(5-6), 1216-1226.

Hill-Briggs, F., Adler, N. E., Berkowitz, S. A., Chin, M. H., Gary-Webb, T. L., Navas-Acien, A., … & Haire-Joshu, D. (2020). Social Determinants of Health and Diabetes: A Scientific Review. Diabetes Care.

Ong, S. E., Koh, J. J. K., Toh, S. A. E. S., Chia, K. S., Balabanova, D., McKee, M., … & Legido-Quigley, H. (2018). Assessing the influence of health systems on type 2 diabetes mellitus awareness, treatment, adherence, and control: a systematic review. PloS one, 13(3), e0195086.

Walker, R. J., Williams, J. S., & Egede, L. E. (2016). Influence of race, ethnicity and social determinants of health on diabetes outcomes. The American journal of the medical sciences, 351(4), 366-373.

Xu, G., Liu, B., Sun, Y., Du, Y., Snetselaar, L. G., Hu, F. B., & Bao, W. (2018). Prevalence of diagnosed type 1 and type 2 diabetes among US adults in 2016 and 2017: population based study. Bmj, 362, k1497.

Prompt 1

200 words You are overseeing a study designed to examine the impact of the opioid crisis on children.

200 words What kind of evaluation would you budget for and why?

Prompt 2 

There are many consequences of the opioid crisis, one of which is the spread of infectious diseases such as HIV. 

200 words Assess the impact of the opioid crisis on HIV infections.

200 words Who is affected and what are the long-term consequences?

200 words What policies are in place, if any, to remedy this problem?

Use APA format and 4 reference 

Using the classroom resources or South University Online Library, research the tympanic membrane and the thyroid gland. In a Microsoft Word document of 4-5 pages formatted in APA style, address each of the following criteria.

• Two focused health assessment histories
  • One assessment related to the tympanic membrane and the other focused on the thyroid gland.
  • The assessments can be hypothetical patients or patients you have had in the past (remember HIPAA if you are describing a previous patient).
• A description of the normal and abnormal findings of the tympanic membrane.
• Information on how to examine the thyroid gland using both the anterior and posterior methods.
• A concise note in the subjective, objective, assessment (be sure to include the NANDA diagnosis as well as the medical diagnosis), and plan (SOAP) format with each patient’s encountered findings.
  • For a review of SOAP notes:
  • SOAP Documentaion
• Information about laboratory/diagnostic tests used for screening clients with tympanic membrane or thyroid gland issues.
  • Include the expected normal results for each test.

On a separate references page, cite all sources using APA format. Helpful APA guides and resources are available in the South University Online Library. Below are guides that are located in the library and can be accessed and downloaded via the South University Online Citation Resources: APA Style page. The American Psychological Association website also provides detailed guidance on formatting, citations, and references at APA Style.
• APA Citation Helper
• APA Citations Quick Sheet
• APA-Style Formatting Guidelines for a Written Essay
• Basic Essay Template

Please note that the title and reference pages should not be included in the total page count of your paper.

Submission Details:

• Name your document SU_NSG3012_W2_Project_LastName_FirstInitial.doc.
• Submit your document to the  Submissions Area by the due date assigned.